![]() ![]() ![]() An atom that has lost or gained any electrons is no longer an electrically neutral atom. IonsĪ neutral atom has the same number of electrons as it does protons. Electrons, on the other hand, are arranged in specific orbitals around the nucleus of an atom they are also much smaller in mass than protons and neutrons, weighing only 9.11 × 10 −28 grams, or about 1/1800 the weight of protons and neutrons.Įven though the mass of an electron is a tiny mass compared to the mass of a proton or a neutron, the electrons occupy most of the volume of an atom (see Figure 1). An atomic nucleus is made of protons and neutrons, which have approximately the same mass (about 1.67 × 10 −24 grams). Most of the mass of an atom is packed into its tiny nucleus. Electrons have a negative (−) charge that is exactly equal and opposite to the electrical charge of a proton. Protons have a positive (+) electrical charge. Atoms are made up of protons and neutrons located within the nucleus, with electrons in orbitals surrounding the nucleus.Ītoms consist of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Elements, such as helium, depicted here, are made up of atoms.
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